Thyroid Gland
Thyroid Gland
Thyroid is a large bilobed gland located behind the larynx (voice box) in the neck. The two lobes are joined by an isthmus. The main hormone secreted by this gland is thyroxine, which contains iodine.
Thyroxine controls the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins, and brings about balanced growth. Excessive secretion of thyroxine is called hyperthyroidism. It increases the general metabolism of the body. As a result, fat stored in the body is depleted and there is a loss of body weight. Insufficient thyroxine secretion is called hypothyroidism. It lowers the general metabolism of the body and increases body weight. By slowing down metabolic activity, hypothyroidism retards body growth and brain development in children.
When the thyroid gland becomes overactive and secretes excess thyroxine, it becomes enlarged. As a result, the neck swells up and the eyeballs bulge outward. This is called exophthalmic goitre. Swelling of the thyroid may also be due to the deficiency of iodine in the diet. This is called simple goitre. To prevent this it is important for us to have iodized salt in our diet. Iodine is needed for the synthesis of thyroxine.
Parathyroid gland is present at the back of which gland ? | |||
| Right Option : A | |||
| View Explanation | |||
Hormone from thyroid gland is _________________ | |||
| Right Option : A | |||
| View Explanation | |||
Name the hormone which controls the basal metabolic rate in animals ________________ | |||
| Right Option : B | |||
| View Explanation | |||
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